Gun Violence Archive (GVA). 2021. “Mass Shootings in 2020” and “Mass Shootings in 2019.” Washington, DC: GVA. https://www.gunviolencearchive.org/past-tolls. Note: GVA defines mass shootings as events in which four or more people (excluding the shooter) were shot but not necessarily killed at the same general time and location. Data reflect the number of incidents reported and verified.